中国手机制造商与经销商需挑战高端层次

Xi Guohua will not have to join any queues to get his iPhone. The China Mobile chairman was given one by Apple chief Tim Cook. Friday sees the launch of the iPhone on the Chinese network, with its mind-boggling 750m subscriber base. But the iPhone’s moment in the world’s biggest market comes just as the local competition is gearing up. If, as Apple’s (and Samsung’s) margins suggest, even high-end smartphones are becoming less profitable, what are the likes of Huawei, Lenovo and Xiaomi thinking?奚国华用不着排队就获得了一台iPhone。这位中国移动(China Mobile)董事长刚刚获得苹果(Apple)首席执行官蒂姆?库克(Tim Cook)送来的一部iPhone。

本周五，中国移动版iPhone月发售，而该公司用户总数是难以置信的7.5亿。不过，iPhone在世界仅次于的市场步入激动人心的时刻之际，正是本土竞争激化之时。如果连高端智能手机的利润率都会上升的话——就像苹果和三星(Samsung)的利润率所反映的那样，那么像华为(Huawei)、误解(Lenovo)和小米(Xiaomi)这样的生产商，又该作何回忆呢？Combined, China’s top 10 makers expect to shift more than 400m phones this year, a 50 per cent increase on 2013. About 440m smartphones will be sold in China in 2014, according to Credit Suisse – a 25 per cent jump. That includes Apple, Samsung and other top-tier makers, implying the home brands must also be aiming for other emerging markets, where sales are expected to rise a third, to 470m Chinese makers often have high-end ambitions, but their bread and butter is in the low- and mid-range phones that rule emerging markets.2014年，中国十大手机制造商预计总共将销售手机逾4亿部，比2013年快速增长50%。

据瑞信(Credit Suisse)预测，中国今年的智能手机销量将超过大约4.4亿部，同比快速增长25%，其中苹果、三星和其他第一梯队制造商不会占有一些份额，意味著中国本土品牌也必需射击其他新兴市场，这些市场的手机销量预计将减少三分之一，超过4.7亿部。中国制造商往往有生产高端手机的志向，但它们赖以为生的毕竟在新兴市场占到主导地位的低端和中端产品。

Plentiful demand is one thing, making money is another. Apple and Samsung profit from using their scale and brands to cut costs and demand top dollar. Low-end phones cost far less to make. The cost of producing a so-so brand 4.7’’ screen phone could be as low as $94, Credit Suisse reckons, compared with $266 for Samsung’s Galaxy S4. But that cheap phone sells for $122, versus $554 for Samsung’s smash hit. That is a 10 times difference in gross profit. Sure, commoditisation will squeeze Samsung and Apple, but it will not entirely kill their pricing power. If consumers happily pay premiums for cigarettes and branded water, it is not hard to see value in a strong phone brand.可观的市场需求是一其实，赚是另一回事。苹果和三星的盈利法宝是利用规模和品牌来缩减成本，并让消费者为其产品缴尽量低的价钱。

低端手机的成本低得多。瑞信估算，生产一部4.7英寸、品牌一般的手机，低于只需94美元。相比之下，三星Galaxy S4的生产成本是266美元。而三星这款热销机的售价是554美元，前面那款低廉机仅有购122美元，二者毛利差距10倍。

当然，产品大众化不会断裂三星和苹果的利润，但并会几乎使其失去定价能力。既然消费者不会乐意为香烟和品牌饮用水缴纳高价，一个强劲的手机品牌的价值也就难于明白。Chinese makers could try taking on Samsung and Apple by building rival brands – but ask HTC about the risks in that. The jump in this year’s shipments implies they are instead seeking scale in order to squeeze suppliers and grind out profits. It is the better plan, but it will not make much money, either.中国制造商可以通过创建竞争性品牌来挑战三星和苹果——但请求向宏达电(HTC)求教这样做到的风险。

今年的出货量之后大幅提高，指出这些制造商宁愿执着规模，以便断裂供应商，攫取更加多利润。这是个更佳的计划，但也会让它们赚到很多。

本文来源：皇冠游戏中心官网-www.sriingenieria.com